#  Boxings.py  Copyright (c) Kari Laitinen

#  http://www.naturalprogramming.com

#  2006-05-21  File created.
#  2022-12-18  Converted to Python 3.


#  Below the Java program named Boxings.java is written in Python.

#  In Python all data is represented by objects, and numerical
#  values are always stored (boxed) inside objects. Because boxing
#  operations are automatic in Python, there is no need to demonstrate
#  them in the same way as is done in the corresponding Java program.

#  Hence, this program probably does not demonstrate anything important.


def increment_integer( integer_as_object ) :

   integer_to_increment  =  integer_as_object

   integer_to_increment  +=  1

   return  integer_to_increment


def decrement_integer( integer_to_decrement ) :

   integer_to_decrement  -=  1

   return  integer_to_decrement




some_integer  =  222

incremented_integer  =  increment_integer( some_integer )

print( "\n  Incremented value :  %d"  %  incremented_integer, end="" )

some_integer_object  =  333

decremented_integer  =  decrement_integer( some_integer_object )

print( "\n  Decremented value :  %d"  %  decremented_integer )

#  below the id() function is used to find out the identity of
#  the used objects of type int

print( "\n" )
print( id( some_integer ) )
print( id( incremented_integer ) )
print( id( decremented_integer ) )
print( id( some_integer_object ) )

print( type( some_integer ) )